Este artigo apresenta um mapeamento sobre estágios e variações em formatos e conteúdos de websites jornalísticos em interfaces móveis. Examinou-se estruturas e modelos de navegação, bem como design, linguagem e relação espacial, do ponto de vista da experiência do usuário, em 10 home pages de jornais impressos brasileiros publicados em versões para smartphones, entre novembro de 2014 e março de 2015. A partir de noções de experiência, percepção e affordances em tempos de convergência midiática, combinou-se recursos metodológicos qualiquantitativos, envolvendo testes (...) humanos e de máquina. Uma das principais conclusões é que os veículos jornalísticos negligenciam, em seus formatos e conteúdos móveis, recomendações internacionais de melhores práticas para a interação de usuários. (shrink)

In Argument, Inference and Dialectic Pinto argues that critical practice can furnish us with the necessary guidance to answer our questions about argument and inference; we do not need to develop a theory of argument/inference. Pinto’s provocative remarks raise questions about the appeal to practice, and recall problems that Toulmin encounters in development of his innovative theory in The Uses of Argument. In this paper, I juxtapose and reflect on these developments.

Recent scientific and technological developments have promoted the emergence of biobanks on a population scale. Although the storage of human biological material has taken place for a long time, it is only recently that biobanks have acquired a broader scientific significance, especially for genomic research. The increase in biobanks creates many ethical dilemmas, such as the protection of privacy, and creates the need for a new regulatory framework, which must enable the sustainable development of biobanks while also protecting the rights (...) of research subjects and biobank participants. (shrink)

O presente artigo aborda a produção audiovisual da Rede Anísio Teixeira, em especial os episódios Revolta dos Malês e Povos Indígenas, que fazem parte do programa Intervalo. A Rede Anísio Teixeira é um ambiente de produção e compartilhamento de mídias de licença livre, possíveis de serem acessadas através do Ambiente Educacional Web. Este repositório de conteúdos digitais educativos tem como público alvo a comunidade escolar da rede pública. Os episódios Revolta dos Malês e Povos Indígenas fazem parte de um acervo (...) de produções da TV AT, cujos temas são relacionados à História da Bahia. Estes produtos põem em destaque as dinâmicas socioculturais dos povos indígenas e da população negra do nosso estado. O objetivo desse artigo é discutir o papel dessas novas linguagens de ensino e aprendizagem na disciplina de História, bem como as possibilidades de aproximar as novas abordagens historiográficas da educação básica. Palavras-chave: Audiovisual; Ensino de História; Legado Africano; Povos Indígenas. (shrink)

Using path-breaking discoveries of cognitive science, Mark Johnson argues that humans are fundamentally imaginative moral animals, challenging the view that morality is simply a system of universal laws dictated by reason. According to the Western moral tradition, we make ethical decisions by applying universal laws to concrete situations. But Johnson shows how research in cognitive science undermines this view and reveals that imagination has an essential role in ethical deliberation. Expanding his innovative studies of human reason in Metaphors (...) We Live By and The Body in the Mind, Johnson provides the tools for more practical, realistic, and constructive moral reflection. (shrink)

This book introduces students to the art and craft of writing proofs, beginning with the basics of writing proofs and logic, and continuing on with more in-depth issues and examples of creating proofs in different parts of mathematics, as well as introducing proofs-of-correctness for algorithms. The creation of proofs is covered for theorems in both discrete and continuous mathematics, and in difficulty ranging from elementary to beginning graduate level. Just beyond the standard introductory courses on calculus, theorems and proofs become (...) central to mathematics. Students often find this emphasis difficult and new. This book is a guide to understanding and creating proofs. It explains the standard "moves" in mathematical proofs: direct computation, expanding definitions, proof by contradiction, proof by induction, as well as choosing notation and strategies. (shrink)

Two problems are considered here. One relates to who has moral status, and the other relates to who has moral responsibility. The criteria for mattering morally have long been disputed, and many humans and nonhuman animals have been considered “marginal cases,” on the contested edges of moral considerability and concern. The marginalization of humans and other species is frequently the pretext for denying their rights, including the rights to health care, to reproductive freedom, and to bodily autonomy. There is broad (...) agreement across cultural and philosophical traditions about the capacities and responsibilities of moral agents. I propose an inclusive and expansive way of thinking about moral status, situating it not in the characteristics or capacities of individuals, but in the responsibilities and obligations of moral agents. Moral agents, under this view, are not privileged or entitled to special treatment but rather have responsibilities. I approach this by considering some African communitarian conceptions of moral status and moral agency. I propose that moral agency can also be more expansive and include not just individual moral agents but collective entities that have some of the traits of moral agents: power, freedom, and the capacity to recognize and act on the demands of morality and acknowledge and respect the rights of others. Expanding who and what is a moral agent correspondingly extends moral responsibility for respecting rights and fostering the conditions for the health and well-being of humans and animals onto the collective entities who uniquely have the capacity to attend to global-scale health threats such as pandemics and human-caused climate change. (shrink)

Molecular Revolution in BrazilFélix Guattari and Suely Rolniktranslated by KarelClapshow and Brian HolmesYes, I believe that there is a multiple people, a people of mutants, apeople of potentialities that appears and disappears, that is embodied in social, literary, andmusical events.... I think that we're in a period of productivity, proliferation, creation, utterlyfabulous revolutions from the viewpoint of this emergence of a people. That's molecular revolution:it isn't a slogan or a program, it's something that I feel, that I live....--from MolecularRevolution in (...) BrazilFollowing Brazil's first democratic election after two decades of militarydictatorship, French philosopher Félix Guattari traveled through Brazil in 1982 with Brazilianpsychoanalyst Suely Rolnik and discovered an exciting, new political vitality. In the infancy of itsnew republic, Brazil was moving against traditional hierarchies of control and totalitarian regimesand founding a revolution of ideas and politics. Molecular Revolution in Brazil documents theconversations, discussions, and debates that arose during the trip, including a dialogue betweenGuattari and Brazil's future President Luis Ignacia Lula da Silva, then a young gubernatorialcandidate. Through these exchanges, Guattari cuts through to the shadowy practices of globalizationgone awry and boldly charts a revolution in practice.Assembled and edited by Rolnik, MolecularRevolution in Brazil is organized thematically; aphoristic at times, it presents a lesser-known,more overtly political aspect of Guattari's work. Originally published in Brazil in 1986 asMicropolitica: Cartografias do desejo, the book became a crucial reference for political movementsin Brazil in the 1980s and 1990s. It now provides English-speaking readers with an invaluablepicture of the radical thought and optimism that lies at the root of Lula's Brazil. Félix Guattari, post-'68 French psychoanalyst and philosopher, is the author of Anti-Oedipus, The Anti-Oedipus Papers, 2006), and other books. Semiotext haspublished the first two volumes of his complete essays, Chaosophy and Soft Subversions, and will publish the final volume, Chaos and Complexity, in 2008. Suely Rolnik is apsychoanalyst, cultural critic, and curator who lives and works in São Paulo, Brazil. She was aclose collaborator of Guattari during her exile in Paris from the military dictatorship inBrazil. (shrink)

The shooting bias hypothesis aims to explain the disproportionate number of minorities killed by police. We present the evidence mounting in support of the existence of shooting bias and then focus on two dissenting studies. We examine these studies in light of Biddle and Leuschner’s “inductive risk account of epistemically detrimental dissent” and conclude that, although they meet this account only partially, the studies are in fact epistemically and socially detrimental as they contribute to racism in society and to a (...) social atmosphere that is hostile to science as scholars working on issues of racism come under attack. We emphasize this final point via recourse to Kitcher’s “Millian argument against the freedom of research.”. (shrink)

Tendo em vista que a cognição humana é sistemicamente orientada para configurações que favoreçam uma ordem social de maior adaptabilidade e resistência à degenerescência - orientações essas filosoficamente resumidas na busca pelo certo, harmonioso e justo - podemos inferir que a emergência da justiça social se dá continuamente a partir da desordem informacional, ou seja, da ressignificação simbólica que caracteriza a construção e desconstrução dos signos linguísticos. Dada a compreensão de que os conceitos simbólicos estão em constante elaboração, e sendo (...) a justiça social um conceito inexorável à experiência humana, percebemos que todos os ajustes de significado de justiça social só podem emergir das atualizações impostas por cada uso de cada indivíduo a cada instante que nunca coincidem. Para argumentar a favor dessa hipótese, parte-se de uma constatação que perpassa quase toda a filosofia a respeito de sermos seres que reagem exclusivamente à lógica, à estética e à ética e do reflexo que tal constatação projeta em filósofos da linguagem como Peirce e Davidson, no filósofo da informação Luciano Floridi e em cientistas cognitivos como Deacon e Nicolelis. Sendo assim, a compreensão do que vem a ser justiça social brota de uma semiose da desordem. Não negamos que toda desordem está complexamente interligada a uma ordem – no caso, significado – mas consideramos relevante o fato de tal ordem ser modelada, ininterrupta e caoticamente, por inforgs e níveis de abstração os mais variados possíveis. (shrink)

Este artigo é resultado de um pequeno recorte da investigação em andamento de minha tese de doutorado em Educação na UFRGS. Trata sobre as questões de inclusão, linguagem e subjetividade de cegos. Fundamenta-se na Psicanálise de Freud e Lacan, desenvolvendo os conceitos de narcisismo, o Outro e a pu..

The work of the Brazilian artist Lygia Clark occupies a singular position in the movement of institutional critique that began in the 1960s and 70s. The center of her research consists in a mobilization of the two capacities of perception and sensation that alllow us to grasp the otherness of the world, respectively as a map of forms on which we project representations or as a diagram of forces that affect the senses in their capacity for resonance. In 1976, with (...) the Structuring of the Self, she abandoned the field of art and opted for therapy. The forms of critique that she brought into play over the following decade only found a resonance among the generation that began to assert itself in the mid-1990s. Noting this resonance, Suely Rolnik decided to develop a project for the reactivation of memory around the work of Lygia Clark. The idea was to use filmed interviews to produce a living recording of the effects of the body constituted by Lygia during her exile from art, in her cultural and political environment in Brazil and in France. With the exhibition, the pulsation of this body had a chance of contaminating the territory of art. (shrink)

The article examines the process of niche standardization in medical research as an example of democratizing strategies implemented in industry-funded science. I argue that niche standardization can lead to undesirable epistemic and ethical consequences, if the various goals of research are not properly aligned. I examine two examples: the case of Sarafem, approved for the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in women, and the case of BiDil, approved for exclusive use in African Americans for the treatment of congestive heart failure. (...) I conclude by cautioning against the unqualified support of democratizing strategies in industry-funded research. (shrink)

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar reflexões teórico-metodológicas sobre o processo de letramentos bilíngues de estudantes surdos no ensino superior. Tomamos a enunciação verbo-visual como categoria bakhtiniana que direciona as hipóteses de leitura em português pelos estudantes surdos e ocupa centralidade na produção textual sinalizada em língua brasileira de sinais. Da obra do folclorista Câmara Cascudo foram selecionadas lendas brasileiras para análise textual de elementos coesivos que operam nas estratégias de referenciação no texto narrativo em língua brasileira de sinais (...) e na língua portuguesa. Como contribuições teórico-metodológicas, apresentamos a utilização da pedagogia visual e de um roteiro que orienta a leitura com destaque aos elementos intertextuais, paratextuais e textuais na produção dos sentidos do texto. O videorregistro de lendas brasileiras em libras contribui para a ampliação do repertório de gêneros textuais sinalizados, pesquisa e diversificação de léxico regional e composição de acervo de materiais e tecnologias em língua de sinais, para a constituição de uma cultura letrada. Palavras-chave: Letramento acadêmico; Libras; Português como segunda língua; Gêneros textuais; Ensino Superior. Bilingual literacies of deaf students in higher education: a study with Brazilian legends Abstract: The objective of this study is to present theoretical and methodological reflections on the process of bilingual literacies of deaf students in higher education. We understand that the verbovisual enunciation is the Bakhtinian category that mobilizes the hypotheses of reading in Portuguese by deaf students and occupies the centrality in the Brazilian sign language textual production. We selected Brazilian legends of the work of the folklorist Câmara Cascudo, for textual analysis of cohesive elements that influence the referencing strategies in the narrative text in Brazilian sign language and in the Portuguese. As theoretical-methodological contributions, we present the use of visual pedagogy and a script that guides reading, with emphasis on intertextual, paratextual and textual elements in the production of the meanings of the text. The recording of the Brazilian sign language in video of Brazilian legends contributes to the expansion of the repertoire of textual genres signaled in the Brazilian sign language, research and diversification of the regional lexicon and the composition of materials and technologies in sign language for the constitution of a literate culture. Key-words: Academic literacy; Brazilian sign language; Portuguese as a second language; Textual genres; Higher education. Letramentos bilingües de estudiantes sordos en la educación superior: un estudio con leyendas brasileñas Résumen : El objetivo de este estudio es presentar reflexiones teóricas y metodológicas sobre el proceso de letramento bilingüe de estudiantes sordos en la educación superior. Entendemos que la enunciación verbovisual es la categoría bakhtiniana que influye en las hipótesis de lectura en portugués de los estudiantes sordos y ocupa la centralidad en la producción textual señalada en lengua de señas brasileña. Seleccionamos leyendas brasileñas de la obra de la folclorista Câmara Cascudo, para el análisis textual de elementos cohesivos que influyen en las estrategias de referenciación en el texto narrativo en lengua de señas brasileña y en portugués. Como aportes teóricos y metodológicos, se presenta el uso de la pedagogía visual y un guión que orienta la lectura con énfasis en elementos intertextuales, paratextuales y textuales en la producción de los sentidos del texto. La producción de leyendas brasileñas en lengua de señas videograbada contribuye a la expansión del repertorio de géneros textuales señalados en la lengua de señas brasileña, la investigación y diversificación del léxico regional y la composición de materiales y tecnologías en lengua de signos para la constitución de una cultura letrada. Palabras clave: Letramento académico ; Libras ; Portugués como segunda lengua ; Géneros textuales ; Enseñanza superior. Data de registro: 15/04/2021 Data de aceite: 01/12/2021. (shrink)

Segundo o neurocientista Miguel Nicolelis (2020), responsável por exoesqueletos movidos a partir de comandos mentais, os processos de desinformação fazem parte da cognição social. A delegação do processamento de conteúdos mentais a outras cognições ou redes cognitivas consideradas mecanismos confiáveis de produção de crença e a atração da espécie humana por informações simbólicas, que só existem entre cérebros com linguagem, são compulsões intrínsecas ao sistema informacional complexo que nos origina e, por suas teleodinâmicas, sempre oferecem brechas para articulações informacionais incoerentes (...) e até mesmo prejudiciais. Frente a tal constatação, interessa-nos focar na elaboração de narrativas que, por conhecerem a origem cognitiva da desinformação, melhor possam interromper e rearranjar tais processos de falsificação. Há interesse em investir nessa compreensão pois, por sua cientificidade e atualidade, ela pode alavancar esforços no combate à desinformação, dar subsídios para a desarticulação de mecanismos tidos como confiáveis e evidenciar características da cognição enquanto processo social que inclui a divisão de tarefas cognitivas e a corresponsabilidade. É objetivo desta pesquisa analisar as citadas compulsões e embasar intervenções compromissadas com interesse social. A filosofia da informação como nos apresentam Floridi (2011) e Deacon (2012), oferece um panorama teórico afinado aos objetivos visados. Nesse viés, indivíduos são subsistemas especializados na modelagem linguística (racional, semiótica) de conteúdos mentais, originados na percepção e na aprendizagem, a fim de torná-los acessíveis e úteis ao sistema a que pertencemos. (shrink)

Este artigo mostra como Oresme orienta o leitor do "Tratado" a pensar a organização da vida política no processo histórico do século XIV a partir do estudo sobre a alteração da moeda. This paper shows how Oresme guides the reader of his "Treatise" to a thought in order to connect the organization of political life in the historical process of the 14th Century based on the study on the change in money.

This article intends to follow the path of building the notion of object in relation to the démarche Lacanian, as well as locate elements of rapprochement with Winnicott's transitional object. For accomplish our purpose, we begin with the object definition as proposed by Freud - (1) as the correlate of drive; (2) as the correlate of love and (3) in relation to the subject - and indicates the Lacanian option of emphasize the dimension of language in a reading that focuses (...) on Freud's theory and technique as a whole. In this context, Winnicott arises as an author that, proposing the concept of transitional object, allows Lacan's presentation of the distinction between the symbolic and imaginary records in relation to concepts of desire, demand and need while enabling the construction of a proper concept of object. One can consider that, in his formulations, Lacan does criticize the post-freudians for producing a deviation of the technique and doctrine of Freud in disregarding the subject's speech, favoring a practice of interpreting resistance. Winnicott is then greeted as a distinguished author, a post-Freudian psychoanalyst post that doesn't deviates from freudian's precepts and takes the clinic as its main support. The theoretical relations of approximation and distanciation between Lacan and Winnicott, allow us, in the body of this article, to problematize the bound between the concepts of object a and transitional object. (shrink)

O presente artigo visa discutir a ausência de vergonha na melancolia e a satisfação dos pacientes em comunicar o desprezo por si mesmo, tal como descritos por Freud em 1917. Para tanto, segue a argumentação do ensaio Luto e Melancolia e indica os aportes conceituais necessários para a apresentação da melancolia como uma neurose narcísica, distinta da vivência de luto. Considerando que a vergonha é um afeto que se coloca na fronteira entre psíquico e social, busca refletir sobre as implicações (...) clínicas de sua ausência na melancolia. (shrink)

The growing body of research on interdisciplinarity has encouraged a more in depth analysis of the relations that hold among academic disciplines. In particular, the incursion of one scientific discipline into another discipline’s traditional domain, also known as scientific imperialism, has been a matter of increasing debate. Following this trend, Scientific Imperialism aims to bring together philosophers of science and historians of science interested in the topic of scientific imperialism and, in particular, interested in the conceptual clarification, empirical identification, and (...) normative assessment of the idea of scientific imperialism. Thus, this innovative volume has two main goals. Indeed, the authors first seek to understand interdisciplinary relations emerging from the incursion of one scientific discipline into one or more other disciplines, such as in cases in which the conventions and procedures of one discipline or field are imposed on other fields; or more weakly when a scientific discipline seeks to explain phenomena that are traditionally considered proper of another discipline’s domain. Secondly, the authors explore ways of distinguishing imperialistic from non-imperialistic interactions between disciplines and research fields. (shrink)

Aron Gurwitsch es el primero que hace en Francia, como fenomenólogo, una exposición profunda y sistemática de la fenomenología husserliana. Desde el comienzo él centra su investigación en una fenomenología de la percepción. Los aspectos en los que más focaliza su atención le conducen, ya desde el inicio de su labor investigadora, a sentir una profunda sintonía con el trabajo del netiropsiquiatra Kart Goldstein. Él también el primero que hace en Francia una divulgación del trabajo de este neuropsiquiatra desde la (...) filosofía. De modo que en la obra de Gurwitsch hay dos líneas de investigación que se juntan y que están en él desde el principio: su contacto con el Husserl de Friburgo y su profunda compenetración con él, y su trabajo en Frankfurt con Goldstein y con el psicólogo de la Gestalt que colabora con él: Adhémar Gelb. En esta ponencia intento buscar alguna respuesta a la cuestión de qué ve Gurwitsch en el análisis que hace Goldstein de sus pacientes con lesiones. cerebrales para considerar él que este análisis goldsteniano es extremadamente coincidente con el propio análisis fenomenológico de la percepción de Husserl. (shrink)

The aim of the paper is to clarify the concept of scientific ignorance: what is it, what are its sources, and when is it epistemically detrimental for science. I present a taxonomy of scientific ignorance, distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic sources. I argue that the latter can create a detrimental epistemic gap, which have significant epistemic and social consequences. I provide three examples from medical research to illustrate this point. To conclude, I claim that while some types of scientific ignorance (...) are inevitable and even desirable, other types of scientific ignorance are epistemically and ethically flawed and should be prevented. (shrink)

We propose a task for eliciting attitudes toward risk that is close to real-world risky decisions which typically involve gains and losses. The task consists of accepting or rejecting gambles that provide a gain with probability p\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p$$\end{document} and a loss with probability 1-p\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$1-p$$\end{document}. We employ finite mixture models to uncover heterogeneity in risk preferences and find that behavior is heterogeneous, with one half (...) of the subjects behaving as expected utility maximizers, for the others, reference-dependent models perform better than those where subjects derive utility from final outcomes, models with sign-dependent decision weights perform better than those without, and there is no evidence for loss aversion. The procedure is sufficiently simple so that it can be easily used in field or lab experiments where risk elicitation is not the main experiment. (shrink)

Resumen: Este artículo discute la tesis negativa de Hume sobre la religión; en segundo lugar, examina el intento kantiano de refutarlo con un argumento que apela a una supuesta superación del conflicto entre virtud moral y felicidad, y finalmente retoma la tesis humeana con Kierkegaard, para quien el cristianismo auténtico está fundado en la aceptación del absurdo. Esa dialéctica entre los tres pensadores es crucial: primero, la tesis del filósofo escocés de que la religión descansa sobre una paradoja; en seguida, (...) la antítesis kantiana asociada a cierta reinterpretación nouménico-ética del cristianismo, y, por último la restauración kierkegaardiana de la posición de Hume a través de una interpretación existencial del cristianismo.: This paper discusses, first, Hume’s negative thesis about religion; secondly, it deals with Kant’s attempt to refute him with an argument which appeals to a supposed elimination of the conflict between moral virtue and happiness; finally, it revisits Hume’s thesis with Kierkegaard, for whom authentic Christianity is founded on the absurd. This dialectic among the three thinkers is crucial: first, the Scottish philosopher’s thesis that religion rests upon a paradox; then the Kantian antithesis associated with a certain noumenic-ethical reinterpretation of Christianity; and finally Kierkegaard’s restauration of Hume’s position by means of an existential interpretation of Christian faith. (shrink)

Objective: To identify factors that predict physicians’ intent to comply with the American Medical Association’s ethical guidelines on gifts from the pharmaceutical industry.Methods: A survey was designed and mailed in June 2004 to a random sample of 850 physicians in Florida, USA, excluding physicians with inactive licences, incomplete addresses, addresses in other states and pretest participants. Factor analysis extracted six factors: attitude towards following the guidelines, subjective norms , facilitating conditions , profession-specific precedents , individual-specific precedents and intent. Multivariate regression (...) modelling was conducted.Results: Surveys were received from 213 physicians representing all specialties, with a net response rate of 25.5%. 62% of respondents were aware of the guidelines; 50% had read them. 48% thought that following the guidelines would increase physicians’ credibility and professional image; 68% agreed that it was important to do so. Intent to comply was positively associated with attitude, subjective norms, facilitators and sponsorship of continuing medical education events, while individual-specific precedents had a negative relationship with intent to comply. Predictors of intent were attitude, subjective norms, the interaction term , sponsorship of CME events and individual-specific precedents.Conclusions: Physicians are more likely to follow the AMA guidelines if they have positive attitudes towards the guidelines, greater subjective norms, fewer expectations of CME sponsorship and fewer individual-specific precedents. Physicians believing that important individuals or organisations expect them to comply with the guidelines are more likely to express intent, despite having fewer beliefs that positive outcomes would result through compliance. (shrink)

Provided we agree about the thing, it is needless to dispute about the terms. —David Hume, A treatise of human nature, Book 1, section VIIMap-like representations are frequently invoked as an alternative type of representational vehicle to a language of thought. This view presupposes that map-systems and languages form legitimate natural kinds of cognitive representational systems. I argue that they do not, because the collections of features that might be taken as characteristic of maps or languages do not themselves provide (...) scientifically useful information above and beyond what the individual features provide. To bring this out, I sketch several allegedly distinctive features of maps, and show how they can easily be grafted onto a simple logical language, resulting in a hybrid “manguage.” The ease with which these linguistic and map-like properties can be integrated into a single representational system raises the question of what work broader categories like language and map are doing. I maintain that, as an empirical matter of fact, they serve no particular purpose in cognitive science, and thus do not characterize distinct kinds of cognitive architectures. (shrink)

Expanding on recent philosophical contributions to the conceptual and normative framework of scientific imperialism, I examine whether the economics approach to social epistemology can be considered a case of economics imperialism and determine whether economics’ explanatory expansionism appropriately contributes to this philosophical subfield or not. I argue first that the economics approach to social epistemology counts as a case of economics imperialism under a broad conception of the term, and second that we have good reasons to doubt the appropriateness of (...) the incursion of economics into social epistemology, insofar as economics’ attempt at explanatory unification fails to express significant human interests. (shrink)

O presente artigo consiste em uma leitura do capítulo "Sobre versos de Virgílio". A primeira parte compara o amor com a amizade, questionando a tese de que a superioridade da última em relação ao primeiro é afirmada sem reservas por Montaigne. A segunda parte desenvolve uma interpretação do capítulo guiada pelas noções de "regra", "lei", "norma" e seus correlatos e identifica, a partir das diferentes perspectivas com que Montaigne aborda o assunto, três tipos de "regra": as regras dos homens, as (...) do amor e as do próprio autor dos Ensaios. Pretendemos mostrar que, embora fale muito das mulheres, o capítulo é, sobretudo, uma reflexão sobre a condição masculina. This paper presents a reading on the chapter "Upon some verses of Virgil". Its first part compares love and friendship and questions the thesis that for Montaigne the latter is superior to the former. The second part consists of an interpretation of the chapter guided by the notions of "rule", "law", "norm" and their correlates, and identifies, taking into account the different perspectives in which Montaigne develops the matter, three different kinds of rules - those of men, those of love and those of the Essays' author himself. It intends to show that, although "Upon some verses of Virgil" is a chapter that speaks much about women, it is mainly a reflexion about men and the masculine condition. (shrink)

O artigo enfoca duas maneiras possíveis, não necessariamente excludentes, de se compreender o “'penso, logo existo" cartesiano: a primeira, enquanto representação de si, decorre de uma compreensão do eu como sujeito , quer dizer, de um sujeito diante de um objeto e se remete a uma consciência refletida de si; a segunda, como presença a si mesmo, é relativa a uma compreensão do ego como ser ou existência, dados numa experiência originária se remete a uma consciência imediata de si. O (...) artigo pretende também apontar as possibilidades e os limites de cada uma destas leituras. (shrink)

A new translation and edition of Aristotle's Protrepticus (with critical comments on the fragments) -/- Welcome -/- The Protrepticus was an early work of Aristotle, written while he was still a member of Plato's Academy, but it soon became one of the most famous works in the whole history of philosophy. Unfortunately it was not directly copied in the middle ages and so did not survive in its own manuscript tradition. But substantial fragments of it have been preserved in several (...) works by Iamblichus of Chalcis, a third century A.D. neo-Pythagorean philosopher and educator. On the basis of a close study of Iamblichus' extensive use and excerption of Aristotle's Protrepticus, it is possible to reconstruct the backbone of the lost work, and then to flesh it out with the other surviving reports about the work from antiquity (for example in Alexander of Aphrodisias and other ancient commentators on Aristotle). It is also possible to identify several papyrus fragments of the work, and many references and literary allusions in later authors, especially Cicero, whose own lost dialogue Hortensius was a defense of philosophy modeleld on Aristotle's. (shrink)

Why me? -- Sticks and stones -- Hammer of God -- God is great -- The problem of atheists -- Guardian angels -- Nations under God -- God knows.